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This section covers programmable logic controller, PLC programming examples. Every example program includes the description of the problem, the solution as well as PLC code, explanation and run time test cases of the problem. These examples can be simple PLC programs or advanced PLC programs. So, they are suitable for any user (dummies, beginners or advanced users). Here is the listing of PLC programming examples for different categories viz. Digital logic, Home and Industrial automation. 1. PLC Programs on Digital Logic This section of PLC programming examples cover various digital logic likes Logic gates, Boolean functions and combination logic circuits. It also contains PLC programs on converters like Binary to BCD to Excess-3 code to BCD to Gray code, etc. followed by Multiplexers, DE-multiplexers, Line encoders and decoders. It subsequently implements various Flip-Flop circuits like SR, D and T Flip Flops followed by PLC programs on Latching and Unlatchin...

Y ou might not realize it, but you're constantly on-guard, watching out for threats, ready to act at a moment's notice. Millions of years of evolution have primed your brain to save your skin when the slightest danger threatens your existence. If you're using a power tool, for example, and a tiny wood chip flies toward your eye, one of your eyelashes will send a signal to your brain that make your eyelids clamp shut in a flash—fast enough to protect your eyesight. What's happening here is that a tiny stimulus is provoking a much bigger and more useful response. You can find the same trick at work in all kinds of machines and electrical appliances, where sensors are ready to switch things on or off in a fraction of a second using clever magnetic switches called   relays . Let's take a closer look at how they work! Photo: A typical relay with its plastic outer case removed. You can see the two spring contacts on the left and the electromagnet coil (the red-brown...

Timer Functions: Timer functions are used to implement timing sequences. For example, waiting and monitoring times, measuring of time intervals, generation of pulses. The timer functions are stored in system memory of the CPU. The following timer types are available: ·          Pulse Timer ·          Extended Pulse Timer ·          On delay Timer ·          Retentive On Delay Timer ·          Off Delay Timer Timers have an area reserved for them in the memory of your CPU. This memory area reserves one 16-bit word for each timer address. The ladder logic instruction set supports 256 timers. Please refer to your CPU’s technical information to establish the number of timer words available. The following functions have access to the timer memory area: · ...